How Are Automatic Stabilizers Used To Combat Inflation? :: essays research papers

How are Automatic Stabilizers Used to Combat Inflation?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In today's economy, there are devices present called automatic stabilizers. Automatic stabilizers, are mechanisms which aid in the correction of an economic problem without the interference of anyone or anything. They are perhaps most useful to combat demand - pull inflation. Demand - pull inflation, is when prices rise because the economy cannot produce enough goods to satiate the economy. An automatic stabilizer, that is beneficial to combat such a problem, is a progressive tax. A progressive tax, is a tax that becomes a higher rate for each increasing level of gross domestic product. If such a tax is present within the economy, when the society becomes more prosperous, such as in the situation with demand-pull inflation, the citizens are taxed more, therefore decreasing the marginal propensity to consume, and decreasing consumption. The marginal propensity to consume is the fraction of any change in disposable income spent for consumer goods. If this decreases, demand will not be as high above, or even above where the supply is, therefore reducing the demand - pull inflation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another way to stabilize demand - pull inflation is to reduce government spendings. Government spendings, are the spending that the government make with the tax revenues, and they add to the gross domestic product. An automatic stabilizer that will lower gross domestic product is welfare. As income rises, there are less people who need welfare, therefore reducing the amount of government spending, and lowering the gross domestic product.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Due to such automatic stabilizers as progressive tax rates and the decrease of government spending due to welfare, therefore a decrease in government borrowing, therefore a decrease in the demand for the dollar, therefore a decrease in the interest rate, which would cause a decrease in the foreign demand for dollar, which would cause the dollar to depreciate, therefore lowering inflation due to a less valuable dollar.

Building Technology Sba

Building Technology School Based Assessment Name: Kevan Taylor Subject: Building Technology School: Meadowbrook High School Centre Number: 100075 Territory: Jamaica Topic: Concrete Production Year of Exam: 2011 Introduction This research focuses on the production of concrete at a concrete producing factory, Pre-Mix Jamaica, located in the corporate area of Kingston and St. Andrew. The aim of this research was to get a substantial and in depth analyses of the concrete producing company so that a report can be presented.In the report, definitions, descriptions and explanations will be given on the contents presented and also, the details of the aggregates used and the tests done to ensure acceptable quality of the products ; this will be outlined with the aid of pictures and diagrams. The data was collected by visiting the production site where an analysis was done after interviewing managers, specialists and other officers and personnel on the ground. Cameras were used to take photos of critical areas of production and testing. Table of Contents Topics Page ? Jamaica Pre-Mix Ltd. †¢ Careers †¢ Norms/regulations/codes Impact of technology on careers †¢ Employment/Unemployment †¢ Security or Processing †¢ Environmental ? How Moral and ethical issues are addressed †¢ Legal policies on safety, health and welfare †¢ Moral approaches to handling health, †¢ safety and welfare issues ? Summary ? Appendices Jamaica Pre-Mix Ltd. Careers As with any other organization, Jamaica Pre-Mix Ltd. has workers of several different career fields in each of their departments. Through the employment of these various professionals and skilled workers the company is able to adequately function and achieve its objective. In fig. 1. a sample of the various skilled areas and career/posts are shown. |Careers | | | | |Site Managers |Quality Controller | |Drivers |Office staff | |Pump Operators |Security personnel | |Supervisors |Maintenance | |Batchers |personnel |Table outlining the career fields present a Jamaica Pre-Mix Ltd. Fig 1. 1 Norms/Regulations/Codes For any organization to function properly there must be regulations and codes to guide its operations. Every organization also has a culture, norms and values that it develops overtime. Outlined below are norms that were observed as well as some of the codes and regulations, that governs the operations of Jamaica Premix Ltd. Codes- †¢ The workers in the production department wear vests of different colours. This is done as a means of identification. Workers |Colour Codes | | | | |Supervisors |Red | |Driver |Green | |Pump Operators |Orange |Table outlining the colour codes of the workers Fig 1. 0 †¢ While some of the workers wear vests, others wear formal clothes on which the logo of the company is attached. Norms/Regulations- †¢ While on the plant, it is ensured that safety precautions is taken, such as wearing safety gears. Some of the safety gears worn ar e goggles, hard hats, gloves ,hard boots and dusks masks. Pictures of some of the safety gears used on the plant Fig1. 2 †¢ Before each batch of concrete is dispatched to its destination, samples are taken and tested.This is done to ensure that the best quality is delivered at all times †¢ Concrete mixing/ delivery trucks and other concrete carrying equipment are weighed before and after they enter and leave the plant in order to ensure that they contain the right amount of concrete desired by costumers ; and also to ensure that their weights are appropriate to traverse the public roads. Impact of Technology on Careers Employment/unemployment Technology has great impacts on jobs and opportunities in organizations on a whole.Through the employment of machines, the need for an intensive labour force is reduced. This will result in reduced labor cost and may subsequently result in reduced production cost. Pre-Mix Jamaica has made much use of technology for its everyday operat ions which has made them less reliant on human labor for certain every day routine tasks. Processing Technology has impacted careers involved with processing in both positive and negative ways. Careers such as quality controlling, batching and maintenance engineering all involved some form of processing.Positives- †¢ Tasks are able to be carried out more efficiently and in a logical manner, for instance, one mixing truck can mix much more concrete than several laborers mixing manually. Negatives- †¢ The application of technology to processing can result in loss of jobs for unskilled workers †¢ It can also make us overly dependent on machines such that we loose our craftsmanship. †¢ Technology is antisocial and thus can promote this at the workplace. Environmental Careers relating to the environment are very important and they also are greatly impacted by technology.Pre-Mix Jamaica is located in a built up area where there are institutions such as schools and othe r business close by. Hence Pre-Mix has the responsibility to be as environmentally friendly as possible, especially because their production of concrete produces a lot of pollutants. In mitigating against this problem, the supervisors at the complex ensure that the compound is watered regularly using water trucks. Methods of addressing Ethical and Moral Considerations Legal policies on safety, health and welfareAt any established organization, the safety health and welfare of the staff must be considered. In other words, policies have to be put in place to ensure that the staff rights are observed and respected. Companies such as Pre-Mix Jamaica Ltd. adhere to guidelines or regulations that are enforced by trade unions such as the National Workers Union. Some of the policies at the Pre-Mix Jamaica Ltd. involve; †¢ Providing health covering arrangements such health insurance through the company for the benefit of the staff and their familiesMoral approaches to handling health, s afety and wealthfare issues As welfare issues are encountered in our day to day lives whether at home or at a plant, moral approaches have to be made concerning how they are handled. Pre-Mix Jamaica Ltd. ensures that they make responsible approaches in handling these matters as they are mostly dealt with by persons in authority such as their managers or their human relations officers. †¢ Before entering the plant, visitors are briefed on the rules and regulations concerning their safety while on the plant. Personnel from the Ministry of Health visit the plant to make sure the immediate surrounding contains uncontrolled toxic elements that could threaten the life of anyone. †¢ Vehicles are made available so that that if anyone on the plant should have an accident, reliable transportation Summary Major Findings ? Jamaica Pre-Mix Limited is the only fully computerized concrete plant on the island of Jamaica ? The have maintained a high standard of being the islands top produc er of concrete. ? The company is a ready mix organization, meaning they manufacture in a batching plant according to a set recipe, then deliver to construction sites.Recommendations ? It is recommended that enough protective gears are available to visitors on the site for future use. ? It is also recommended that the organization is given advanced notice for research visitors so that they can be well prepared. Limitations ? The length of time of the visit was too short; hence it limited the amount of knowledge that could be gained. ? Not all departments were visited at the company; therefore a lot of useful information was unfortunately not received. Appendices Fig1. 3 Figure 1. depicts concrete being batched into a mixing truck from one of the silos. The Aggregates will then be mixed into the truck so that the concrete may be suitable for use. Fig1. 4 Figure 1. 4 shows samples of concrete placed into moulds. After they are hardened, they are demoulded then placed into a curing tank for seven days. Their strength is then tested by compressing them with machines. Fig1. 5 In Figure 1. 5, there is a heavy duty machine seen on the plant. It is used to get large quantity of materials such as gravel from one point to another. [pic]

I Want For Free Myself From This Disease - 1552 Words

To Anthony it was a cycle: He would work on houses for hours, roll carpet and come home around 1:00am, drunk and addicted. Anthony had a disease, a problem and while he tried curing his problem, he eventually would relapse. Anthony did whatever he could to stimulate what ate him inside or what obeyed his uncontrollable desire. â€Å"I will never be able to free myself from this disease.† Anthony thought, as he went to visit his mother. Anthony walked up to the door and knocked. His mom let him in and began to make Anthony a cup of coffee. â€Å"Hey darling, how are those therapy sessions?† asked his mother. â€Å"Therapy sessions are good, but I relapsed yesterday†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Anthony! Really?† says his mother with disappointment. â€Å"I know mom. I just cannot†¦show more content†¦In the 20th century, the Prohibition Act of 1920 was a part of alcoholic history. During this time, alcohol was banned legally. Truthfully, alcoholism has always had some effect on humans since the beginning and the point I want to portray is how evident alcohol has been a problem. Noticeably, it has always been classified less as a desire and more as a health concern. Numerous statistics support the idea of alcoholism being a problem and can be overpowering to ones senses. Australian researchers, since the 20th century found the compatibility to alcoholism addiction and gender: Their review and analysis, published in October, showed that men born in the early 20th century were more than twice as likely as women to drink and three times as likely to have an alcohol problem--but for those born closer to the end of the century, those ratios were 1.1 and 1.2 to 1, respectively. In other words, the difference between male and female drinking had all but disappeared (1). Ideally, alcohol consumption has always been an existent problem. As previously described, a study was used to classify men more likely to have alcohol problems, back in the 20th century, than women did. Drinking is not over, which is clear; however, it is only increasing with time. At the end of the day, I strongly want to convey just how relevant drinking is. Medicine and self-control training can minimize an alcoholic addiction. Treatment of Alcoholism—Part II, from the HarvardShow MoreRelatedI Can t Pay Your Bills Essay843 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"I can’t pay my bills† . As I was screening a patient for the physician, she explained how debilitating her health problems had been. I grabbed the blood pressure monitor only to find her vitals ran well above normal at 175/122 and her blood sugar was greatly elevated as well. When I asked her about those stats, she just repeated, I need the doctor to make me better. I have to work. 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